Describe the characteristics of Formalist approach and the activist approach?

Describe the characteristics of Formalist approach and the activist approach?
The formalist approach to literature was developed at the beginning of the 20th century and remained the primary approach to literary study until the 1970s, when other literary theories began to gain popularity.
As the name suggests, formalism is concerned primarily with form. Rather than INTERPRETING what a text means, the formalist ANALYZES how that that meaning is communicated.
A critical approach that analyzes, interprets, or evaluates the inherent features of a text. These features include not only grammar and syntax but also literary devices such as meter and tropes.
Formalistic Approach Summary:

The object of formalistic criticism is to find the key to the structure and meaning of the literary work

We search for form which is necessary for real understanding

A unifying pattern is the pattern that as modern critics say,informs or shapes the work inwardly and gives its parts arelevance to the whole

We must narrow our attention to what the literary work says butwe must first consider how it is said
Suggests that the reader see what is in the poem, novel, orthe play rather than to consider what is outside it.

First step in explaining the literary work is to discoverwhat the words actually mean in their full denotative andconnotative value.

Principle by which content and form inseparable.